What is an IP address that is specifically designated for a network client by its MAC address called?

A network client is uniquely identified by its MAC address, which allows devices to communicate within a network. When an IP address is specifically assigned to that client based on its MAC address, this process is known as a reservation. A reservation ensures that a particular device always receives the same IP address within the network, even if the device reconnects after being disconnected.

This approach is commonly used in DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) configurations, where an administrator can assign a specific IP address to a specific MAC address. This ensures consistent connectivity for devices that require stable IP addresses, such as printers or servers.

The other choices relate to different methods of IP address allocation. A lease usually refers to the temporary assignment of an IP address for a specific duration, which differs from the fixed nature of a reservation. A static address is manually assigned and does not change, while a dynamic IP refers to addresses assigned automatically by a DHCP server without guaranteeing permanence. These distinctions highlight why the correct term for an IP address associated with a MAC address is a reservation.